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The workflow of the photovoltaic grid connected system can be divided into three stages: energy conversion, power regulation, and grid connected transmission. The entire process is automated: firstly, the photovoltaic array generates direct current under the action of light, which is collected by the DC combiner box and transmitted to the grid connected inverter; Secondly, the inverter boosts, rectifies, and converts the DC power to output sine wave AC power that meets the standards of the national power grid, and calibrates the voltage, frequency, and phase in real time to ensure matching with the parameters of the public power grid; Finally, qualified AC power is connected to the public power grid through distribution equipment, with priority given to local loads. The remaining electricity from local use is fully integrated into the grid. If the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, the grid will provide reverse power supply to achieve bidirectional power interaction.
According to the electricity consumption scenario and electricity consumption method, grid connected photovoltaic power generation systems are mainly divided into two modes, adapted to different application needs:
-Spontaneous self use and surplus electricity grid connection: The most mainstream distributed photovoltaic grid connection mode is often seen on residential rooftops and industrial and commercial plants. The system’s power generation prioritizes meeting the daily electricity needs of the factory area and households. The remaining electricity is automatically transmitted to the public grid and generates electricity revenue, effectively reducing electricity costs and balancing economy and practicality.
-Full internet access: mostly used for large-scale ground centralized photovoltaic power stations and barren land photovoltaic power stations. All the electricity generated by the system is directly integrated into the public power grid, and users have no local electricity demand. The power generation is all purchased by the power grid, which is the main mode of large-scale clean energy generation.
